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2013年03月26日09:25 | 中国发展门户网 www.chinagate.cn | 给编辑写信 字号：T|T

（四）以更大的政治勇气和智慧，深入推进改革开放。改革开放是国家发展进步的根本动力。只有坚持改革开放，才能把我们的事业继续推向前进。我国改革已进入攻坚阶段，必须进一步解放思想，全面深化经济体制改革，继续积极稳妥推进政治体制改革，深化文化体制改革，加快推进社会体制改革，加强生态文明制度建设，不断把改革引向深入。

要进一步完善社会主义市场经济体制。毫不动摇地巩固和发展公有制经济，毫不动摇地鼓励、支持、引导非公有制经济发展，形成各种所有制经济依法平等使用生产要素、公平参与市场竞争、同等受到法律保护的体制环境。深化国有企业改革以及重点行业改革。加快财税体制改革，理顺中央和地方财力与事权的关系，完善财政转移支付制度，健全公共财政体系，构建地方税体系，促进形成有利于结构优化、社会公平的税收制度。深化金融体制改革，健全促进实体经济发展的现代金融体系，提高银行、证券、保险等行业竞争力，加快发展多层次资本市场，积极发展债券市场，稳步推进利率、汇率市场化改革，扩大人民币跨境使用，逐步实现人民币资本项目可兑换。深化投融资体制改革，推进价格改革，健全资源性产品价格形成机制和生态补偿制度。继续积极稳妥推进事业单位分类改革。收入分配制度是经济社会发展中一项根本性、基础性的制度，是社会主义市场经济体制的重要基石。我们已经制定了深化收入分配制度改革若干意见，要抓紧研究制定具体政策，确保制度建设到位、政策落实到位，有效解决收入分配领域存在的问题，缩小收入分配差距，使发展成果更多更公平地惠及全体人民。

要推进社会主义民主法治建设。坚持人民主体地位，发展更加广泛、更加充分、更加健全的人民民主，保证人民依法享有广泛权利和自由，促进人的全面发展，维护社会公平正义。坚持依法治国，充分尊重宪法和法律的权威，确保决策权、执行权、监督权既相互制约又相互协调，确保国家行政机关按照法定权限和程序行使权力。坚持转变政府职能，推进政企分开、政资分开、政事分开、政社分开，建设职能科学、结构优化、廉洁高效、人民满意的服务型政府。坚持改进工作作风、密切联系群众，提倡艰苦奋斗，厉行勤俭节约，反对铺张浪费，克服形式主义、官僚主义。坚持民主监督、法律监督、舆论监督，健全权力运行制约和监督体系，让人民监督权力，让权力在阳光下运行。坚持反对腐败，加强廉政建设，从制度上改变权力过分集中而又得不到制约的状况，做到干部清正、政府清廉、政治清明。

国内外形势的深刻变化，对我国开放型经济发展提出了新的更高要求。要坚持对外开放的基本国策，实行更加积极主动的开放战略。坚持把稳定出口与扩大进口结合起来，推动对外贸易从规模扩张向质量效益提高转变、从成本和价格优势向综合竞争优势转变，促进形成以技术、品牌、质量、服务为核心的出口竞争新优势；坚持把利用外资与对外投资结合起来，支持企业“走出去”，拓展经济发展的新空间；坚持把深化沿海开放与扩大内陆和沿边开放结合起来，加快形成各具特色、优势互补、分工协作、均衡协调的区域开放格局；坚持把向发达国家开放与向发展中国家开放结合起来，扩大和深化同各方利益汇合点。

4. Deepening reform and opening up with greater political courage and vision

Reform and opening up are the fundamental force that drives China's development and progress. We can continue to advance our cause only by adhering to reform and opening up. China has entered a crucial stage of reform. We must further emancipate our minds, comprehensively deepen reform of the economic structure, continue to actively yet prudently carry out reform of the political structure, deepen reform of the cultural administrative system, accelerate reform of the social system, improve the system for promoting ecological progress; and constantly deepen reforms.

We need to improve the socialist market economy. We should unwaveringly consolidate and develop the public sector of the economy and encourage, and support and guide the development of the non-public sector, so as to foster a structural environment in which economic entities under different forms of ownership have equal access to factors of production in accordance with the law, compete on a level playing field and enjoy equal legal protection. We should deepen reform of state-owned enterprises and key industries.

We should quicken reform of the fiscal and taxation systems, adjust relations between the central government and local governments concerning financial resources and powers, and improve the system of transfer payments. We should improve the public finance system, institute a system of local taxation, and establish a taxation system conducive to optimizing the economic structure and enhancing social fairness.

We should deepen reform of the financial system and improve the modern financial system so that it supports development of the real economy. We should raise the competitiveness of the banking, securities and insurance industries, accelerate development of a multilevel capital market, and actively develop the bond market. We should steadily carry out reforms to make interest rates and the RMB exchange rate more market-based, expand cross-border use of the RMB and gradually achieve the RMB's convertibility under capital accounts.

We should deepen reform of the investment and financing systems, carry out price reform and improve the pricing mechanism for resource products and the system of compensation for ecological damage.

We should continue to actively yet steadily advance function-based reform of public institutions.

The income distribution system is a basic system of vital importance for economic and social development, and an important cornerstone of the socialist market economy. We have formulated guidelines on deepening reform of the income distribution system, and we now need to promptly formulate specific policies, ensure that institutions are established and policies are implemented, resolve problems in income distribution, and narrow the income gap so that the fruits of development are more equitably shared by all the people.

We need to advance development of socialist democracy and the socialist rule of law. We should ensure that the people occupy the principal position, make people's democracy more extensive, fuller in scope and sounder, ensure that the people enjoy extensive rights and freedoms prescribed by law, and promote people's well-rounded development and safeguard social fairness and justice. We should govern the country on the basis of the law, and fully respect the authority of the Constitution and laws. We should ensure that the powers of policy making, implementation and oversight both constrain each other and function in concert and that government bodies exercise their powers in accordance with statutory mandates and procedures. We should continue to transform government functions, separate government administration from the management of enterprises, state assets, public institutions and social organizations, and build a well-structured, clean, efficient and service-oriented government that has scientifically defined functions and that the people are satisfied with. We should improve the conduct of our work, maintain close ties with the people, advocate hard work and plain living, practice thrift, oppose extravagance and waste, and eliminate formalistic and bureaucratic practices. We should uphold democratic oversight, legal oversight and public opinion-based oversight and improve the system of checks and oversight over the exercise of power to ensure that the people oversee the exercise of power and that power is exercised in a transparent manner. We should unwaveringly combat corruption, strengthen political integrity, establish institutions to end the excessive concentration of power and lack of checks on power and ensure that officials are honest, government is clean and political affairs are handled with integrity.

Profound changes in domestic and external environments place new and higher requirements on China in developing an open economy. We should adhere to the basic state policy of opening up and implement a more proactive opening up strategy. We should both keep exports stable and expand imports. We should raise the quality and returns of foreign trade rather than just increase its volume, and raise its overall competitive advantages instead of relying only on cost and price advantages. We should make China's exports more competitive in terms of technology, brand, quality and service. We should simultaneously use foreign investment in China and make Chinese investment overseas, and support Chinese enterprises in going global, to create new space for economic development. We should simultaneously deepen opening up in coastal areas and open inland and border areas wider so as to foster a balanced and coordinated pattern of opening up in which all regions have their own distinctive features, draw on each other's strengths, have a clear division of work, and cooperate with each other. We should continue to open up to both developed and developing countries and expand and deepen common interests with all other parties.

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