Section I Use of English

Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C, and D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)

By 1830 the former Spanish and Portuguese colonies had become independent nations. The roughly 20 million __1__ of these nations loved __2__ to the future. Born in the crisis of the old regime and Iberian Colonialism, many of the leaders of independence __3__ the ideals of representative government, careers __4__ to talent, freedom of commerce and trade, the __5__ to private property, and a belief in the individual as the basis of society. __6__ there was a belief that the new nations should be sovereign and independent states, large enough to be economically viable and integrated by a __7__ set of laws.

On the issue of __8__ of religion and the position of the church, __9__, there was less agreement __10__ the leadership Roman Catholicism had been the state religion and the only one __11__ by the Spanish crown, __12__ most leaders sought to maintain Catholicism __13__ the official religion of the new states, some sought to end the __14__ of other faiths. The defense of the Church became a rallying __15__ for the conservative forces.

The ideals of the early leaders of independence were often egalitarian, valuing equality of everything. Bolivar had received aid from Haiti and had __16__ in return to abolish slavery in the areas he liberated. By 1854 slavery had been abolished everywhere except Spain’s __17__ colonies. Early premise to end Indian tribute and taxes on people of mixed origin came much __18__ because the new nations still needed the revenue such policies __19__ Egalitarian sentiments were often tempered by fears that the mass of the population was __20__ self-rule and democracy.

1.[A] natives [B] inhabitants [C] peoples [D] individuals

2.[A] confusedly [B] cheerfully [C] worriedly [D] hopefully

3.[A] shared [B] forgot [C] attained [D] rejected

4.[A] related [B] close [C] open [D] devoted

5.[A] access [B] succession [C] right [D] return

6.[A] Presumable [B] Incidentally [C] Obviously [D] Generally

7.[A] unique [B] common [C] particular [D] typical

8.[A] freedom [B] origin [C] impact [D] reform

9.[A] therefore [B] however [C] indeed [D] moreover

10.[A] with [B] about [C] among [D] by

11.[A] allowed [B] preached [C] granted [D] funded

12.[A] Since [B] If [C] Unless [D] While

13.[A] as [B] for [C] under [D] against

14.[A] spread [B] interference [C] exclusion [D] influence